Period: The Neolithic (c. 3000 BC)

Project title: Experiments with Neolithic weaving tools (lunular loom weights)

Researcher: Karina Grömer, University of Vienna, Austria

E-mail: karina.groemer(at)aon.at

Year: 2007

Abstract:

The lunular-shaped loom weights of the Late Neolithic (3000 BC) in Austria are the basis for the experiments. The aim was to compare the use-wear on the original weights with those resulting from the different experiments. Beside this, the fabrics made on the different types of looms were compared with original textiles from Late Neolithic.

The first experiment was to test lunular-shaped loom weights on a band-loom. It showed that it is possible to weave bands like those that were found in the area and the use-wear on the lunular weights is comparable to the original weights.

The second experiment was to test lunular-shaped loom weights on a warp-weighted loom. The experiments showed clearly, that it is possible to use these weights on a warp-weighted loom, especially in combination with a shed rod. The use-wear on the weights is however different to the original finds because of the “swinging” movement of the weights.

The third and last experiment was to test the lunular-shaped loom weights for twining. In Central European Neolithic various twining techniques were used to produce two- and three-dimensional objects, for instance with the use of a “twining-frame”. The experiments showed that it is possible to do warp-twinings on such a frame with the help of lunular-shaped weights. The use-wear fits very well in this activity.

The experiments have given some fine suggestions to which techniques and form of looms were employed when Austria’s farmers were to be clothed in the Neolithic.

Reference number: HAF 03/07